Data

Industrial Electricity Prices in Europe by Country (2025) — source data. Eurostat.
#	Country	EUR per kWh	Change vs 2024
1	Ireland	0.3	unchanged
2	Cyprus	0.3	unchanged
3	Germany	0.3	unchanged
4	Denmark	0.3	unchanged
5	Hungary	0.3	unchanged
6	Italy	0.3	unchanged
7	Netherlands	0.2	unchanged
8	Slovakia	0.2	unchanged
9	Austria	0.2	unchanged
10	Poland	0.2	unchanged
11	Belgium	0.2	unchanged
12	Czechia	0.2	unchanged
13	Romania	0.2	unchanged
14	Greece	0.2	unchanged
15	Lithuania	0.2	unchanged
16	Luxembourg	0.2	unchanged
17	France	0.2	unchanged
18	Slovenia	0.2	unchanged
19	Croatia	0.2	unchanged
20	Estonia	0.2	unchanged
21	Latvia	0.2	unchanged
22	Spain	0.2	unchanged
23	Portugal	0.2	unchanged
24	Bulgaria	0.2	unchanged
25	Malta	0.1	unchanged
26	Sweden	0.1	unchanged
27	Finland	0.1	unchanged

About this Dataset

Industrial electricity costs 0.2872 EUR per kilowatt-hour in Ireland and 0.0960 in Finland, a threefold range across the EU. The panel average is 0.2054 EUR per kWh, -0.0053 on 2024.

For an energy-intensive plant running continuously, the spread between the top and bottom of this table is worth tens of millions of euros a year. It is a siting decision, not a line item.

The ranking does not mirror the household table. Hungary ranks fifth here at 0.2667 EUR per kWh despite having Europe's cheapest household electricity — the regulated household tariff is paid for partly by business users. Finland, Sweden and Malta sit at the bottom on abundant hydro and nuclear generation and comparatively light industrial levies, which is a large part of why Nordic countries have attracted energy-intensive investment while German industry has not.

Every row is the figure published for 2025; no value is carried over from an adjacent year to fill a gap. The chart tracks a fixed panel of 26 countries: those reporting in every year from 2007. The line therefore moves because the countries moved, not because the sample changed. Prices cover the medium non-household consumption band and include taxes and levies that are not recoverable by the user; the annual figure is the average of the two semi-annual collections.

Country pages: Ireland · Cyprus · Germany · Denmark · Hungary · Italy · Netherlands · Slovakia · Austria · Poland · Belgium · Czechia · Romania · Greece · Lithuania · Luxembourg · France · Slovenia · Croatia · Estonia · Latvia · Spain · Portugal · Bulgaria · Malta · Sweden · Finland

Frequently Asked Questions

Ireland, at 0.2872 EUR per kWh in 2025, ahead of Cyprus, Germany and Denmark. For energy-intensive manufacturing this is a first-order competitiveness variable: at the top of the table, power costs roughly three times what it does at the bottom, which is enough to determine where an aluminium smelter or a chemical plant is sited.

Because the tax and levy treatment differs. Most countries exempt or rebate energy-intensive industry from renewable surcharges and apply lower network tariffs to high-voltage connections, and industrial users buy on contracts rather than at regulated retail tariffs. Hungary is the clearest example of the two rankings diverging: it has the cheapest household electricity in the EU and one of the more expensive industrial supplies, because the regulated household tariff is cross-subsidised.

The panel average is 0.2054 EUR per kWh, -0.0053 on 2024. Prices have come well down from the 2022 peak as gas markets normalised, but they have not returned to pre-2021 levels, and the gap against North American and Asian industrial power costs remains far wider than it was before 2022. That gap is the central fact behind Europe's debate on industrial competitiveness.

Data

About this Dataset

Frequently Asked Questions

Which European country has the most expensive industrial electricity?

Why do industrial and household electricity rankings differ?

How have industrial electricity prices moved since the energy crisis?

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