Japan (2022)
84.0 yrs
Highest in G12
Highest among all major economies
US (2022)
77.4 yrs
Below G7 average
From 76.3 in 2021
India (2022)
71.7 yrs
EM benchmark
+13 yrs since 1990
China (2022)
78.2 yrs
Surpassed US trajectory
+10 yrs since 1990

Data

YearUSUKGermanyFranceJapanChinaIndiaBrazilS. KoreaAustraliaMexicoTurkey
202478.981.481.283847872.27683.683.175.379
202378.481.281.18384787275.883.483.175.177.3
202277.48180.782.38478.271.774.982.783.27476.3
202176.380.680.882.484.478.167.37383.583.369.8
20207780.381.182.384.67870.274.583.483.270.4
201978.881.481.38384.477.970.775.883.282.974.579.1
201878.681.38182.884.277.770.475.682.682.774.378.9
201778.581.381.182.784.177.270.175.482.682.574.378.5
201678.581.28182.78477.269.775.182.382.474.478.1
201578.78180.782.483.87769.375.18282.474.478.2
201478.881.381.282.983.676.768.974.881.782.374.478.1
201378.78180.682.483.376.568.574.681.382.174.378.2
201278.780.980.782.183.176.268.174.380.88274.177.6
201178.68180.682.382.675.967.67480.681.973.977.1
201078.580.480.581.882.875.767.273.880.181.773.776.8
200978.480.180.381.582.975.366.773.58081.573.676
20087879.680.281.482.674.866.273.179.581.473.7
20077879.480.181.382.574.865.872.779.181.373.8
200677.779.279.980.982.374.465.472.378.78173.7
200577.57979.480.38274.164.971.878.280.873.6

About this Analysis

This page tracks life expectancy at birth across 12 major economies using World Bank data (SP.DYN.LE00.IN), drawn from national vital statistics and UN population estimates. The chart shows the group average from 2000 onward. The table shows each economy from 2005 to the most recently published year.

The gap between the highest and lowest economies in this group spans roughly 16 years — Japan at ~83 years, India at ~67. That gap has narrowed steadily since 1990 as India and China made large gains, but it has not closed. The 2020–2021 COVID dip is visible in the data for most economies; the US saw a sharper drop than peers, reflecting both pandemic mortality and structural factors including the opioid crisis.

The 2021 decline is independently corroborated by several major sources. The WHO confirmed in May 2024 that global life expectancy fell 1.8 years between 2019 and 2021 — the largest drop since World War II, erasing a decade of progress. CDC provisional data shows the US decline was the worst two-year fall since 1921–1923. A 2022 Nature Human Behaviour study tracking 29 countries found that Eastern Europe and the US continued declining in 2021 even as western European countries began to recover — consistent with what the country-level data here shows for Germany and France versus the US.

Frequently Asked Questions

Despite having the highest healthcare spending per capita among advanced economies, the US has lower life expectancy than most peers due to a combination of factors: high rates of obesity and related chronic conditions; greater prevalence of drug overdose deaths (opioid crisis); higher rates of gun violence; less universal healthcare coverage historically, leading to worse preventive care; and greater socioeconomic inequality that results in larger health outcome gaps between income groups.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused the largest global decline in life expectancy since World War II. The US saw life expectancy fall by approximately 1.8 years from 2019 to 2021 (from 78.8 to 76.4), with particularly severe impacts on Hispanic and Black populations. Globally, the WHO estimated a 1.8-year decline in average global life expectancy between 2019 and 2021. Most advanced economies began recovering toward pre-pandemic levels by 2022–2023.
China and South Korea have seen the most dramatic sustained gains in life expectancy over the past 30 years among major economies, adding 7–10 years to average longevity since 1990. India has also made substantial progress, rising from approximately 58 years in 1990 to over 67 years by 2022 — a gain of nearly 10 years driven by reductions in infant mortality, improved access to basic healthcare, and rising incomes.