EU Gender Pay Gap by Country (2024)
EU Gender Pay Gap in 2024: 11.1 % gap (men vs women) EU-27 average. Estonia highest at 18.8, Luxembourg lowest at -0.8.
EU-27 (2024)
11.1
% gap (men vs women)
-0.6pp YoY
Highest
18.8
Estonia
Lowest
-0.8
Luxembourg
Countries
27
EU member states
Data
| Country | % gap (men vs women) | YoY Change |
|---|---|---|
| Estonia | 18.8 | -0.8pp |
| Czechia | 18.5 | +0.5pp |
| Austria | 17.6 | -0.7pp |
| Hungary | 16.9 | -0.9pp |
| Finland | 16.3 | -0.5pp |
| Slovakia | 15.7 | unchanged |
| Germany | 15.6 | -2pp |
| Denmark | 14 | unchanged |
| Latvia | 13.9 | -2.5pp |
| Greece | 13.4 | -0.2pp |
| Bulgaria | 12 | -1.5pp |
| Cyprus | 11.8 | -0.2pp |
| France | 11.8 | -0.5pp |
| Netherlands | 11.2 | -1.3pp |
| Sweden | 11.2 | unchanged |
| Lithuania | 10 | -1.5pp |
| Ireland | 8.3 | -0.3pp |
| Slovenia | 8 | +2pp |
| Spain | 7.3 | unchanged |
| Portugal | 7 | -1.6pp |
| Croatia | 6.6 | -0.8pp |
| Italy | 5.3 | +3.1pp |
| Malta | 4.9 | -0.2pp |
| Poland | 4 | -1.9pp |
| Romania | 3.7 | -0.1pp |
| Belgium | 0.7 | unchanged |
| Luxembourg | -0.8 | +0.1pp |
About this Dataset
The EU-27 aggregate stood at 11.1 % gap (men vs women) in 2024. The EU-27 aggregate changed by -0.6pp year-on-year. Across the 27 member states covered, Estonia recorded the highest reading at 18.8, while Luxembourg posted the lowest at -0.8 — a within-EU spread of 19.6 percentage points.
Data sourced from Eurostat via SDMX REST API. All values are harmonised across member states using a consistent methodology to ensure cross-country comparability.
Coverage spans 2010 through 2024, updated annually. The chart above shows the EU-27 aggregate trend; the table below ranks all member states by their latest reported value.
Frequently Asked Questions
This page tracks the unadjusted gender pay gap (% difference in gross hourly earnings) across EU member states. Chart EU-27 average trend; table ranks countries from widest to narrowest pay gap. It is published by Eurostat, covers EU-27 member states, and is updated annually.
The most recent observation covers 2024. Eurostat typically publishes this series with a lag of several months after the reference period. Updated annually.
Structural differences in labour market institutions, collective bargaining coverage, employment protection legislation, sectoral composition, and social security system design drive divergence across member states. Estonia (18.8) and Luxembourg (-0.8) represent the extremes of a 19.6-point spread within the bloc.