Estonia (2025)
11.4
% of employed persons
-1.6pp YoY
YoY Change
-1.6pp
percentage points
Trend
down
Series length
24
years of data

Data

Year% of employed personsYoY Change
202511.4-1.6pp
202413+1pp
202312-0.2pp
202212.2-2.6pp
202114.8+2.6pp
202012.2+5.4pp
20196.8-0.7pp
20187.5+1.7pp
20175.8-0.1pp
20165.9+0.4pp
20155.5-0.1pp
20145.6-0.6pp
20136.2+0.2pp
20126+0.8pp
20115.2+0.3pp
20104.9+1.2pp
20093.7+0.9pp
20082.8-0.6pp
20073.4-1.1pp
20064.5n/a

About this Dataset

Estonia recorded 11.4% of employed persons usually working from home in 2025, 2.4pp above the EU-27 average of 9%. Before the pandemic, the rate stood at 6.8% (2019). It peaked at 14.8% in 2021 during COVID-19 remote-work mandates, and has partially normalised since.

Data sourced from Eurostat Labour Force Survey via SDMX REST API (LFSA_EHOMP, frequenc=USU). Values use harmonised LFS methodology ensuring cross-country comparability.

The chart shows the full trend from 2002; the table lists annual values with year-on-year changes.

Frequently Asked Questions

In 2025, **11.4%** of employed persons in Estonia usually worked from home, 2.4pp above the EU-27 average of 9%. The indicator measures persons for whom home is the primary work location on the majority of their working days, as defined by Eurostat's EU Labour Force Survey.
Estonia's usually-from-home rate was 6.8% in 2019. It peaked at **14.8%** in 2021 as pandemic restrictions prompted widespread shifts to remote work. By 2025 the rate had partially retreated to 11.4%, settling 4.6pp above the pre-COVID baseline — suggesting a lasting structural change in Estonia's working patterns.
At 11.4% in 2025, Estonia ranks around the EU median for home working penetration, 2.4pp above the EU-27 benchmark. For context, the highest EU rate is approximately 21% (Finland) and the lowest around 1.3% (Romania). Estonia's position reflects its mix of knowledge-economy and in-person employment.
The series spans 2002 to 2025. The rate hovered near 2.8% in 2008 — its lowest recorded level — before the pandemic-driven surge to a peak of 14.8% in 2021. Since then, the rate has partially normalised, with the 2025 reading of 11.4% indicating that a meaningful share of the pandemic-era shift has been retained.