{"version":1,"asset_type":"statistical_series","data_type":"time_series","slug":"pl-rd-expenditure-business-funded","url":"https://apiardata.com/statistics/pl-rd-expenditure-business-funded","html_url":"https://apiardata.com/statistics/pl-rd-expenditure-business-funded/","title":"Poland Business-Funded R&D Expenditure (2023)","description":"Poland's Business-Funded R&D Expenditure: 0.9 % of GDP in 2023, unchanged YoY. Eurostat (RD_E_GERDFUND), 2000–2023.","domain":"papers","category":"AI & Research","keywords":["AI & Research","Eurostat","Poland","2023"],"publisher":"Eurostat","frequency":"Annual","geography":"Poland","temporal_coverage":"2000/2023","unit":"% of GDP","last_updated":"2026-07-26","last_updated_text":"26 July 2026","data_as_of":"2023","variable_measured":"Poland Business-Funded R&D Expenditure","license":"https://apiardata.com/data-license","is_accessible_for_free":true,"sources":[{"name":"Eurostat","url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/RD_E_GERDFUND/default/table"}],"meta":[{"label":"Frequency","value":"Annual"},{"label":"Coverage","value":"2000–2023"},{"label":"Observations","value":"24"},{"label":"Geography","value":"Poland"},{"label":"Last updated","value":"26 July 2026"}],"kpis":[{"label":"Poland (2023)","value":"0.9","unit":"% of GDP","trend":{"direction":"neutral","value":"unchanged YoY"}},{"label":"YoY Change","value":"unchanged","unit":"percentage points"},{"label":"Trend","value":"neutral","unit":""},{"label":"Series length","value":"24","unit":"years of data"}],"series":[{"key":"value","label":"Poland Business-Funded R&D Expenditure"}],"observation_count":24,"observations":[{"period":"2000","value":0.19},{"period":"2001","value":0.19},{"period":"2002","value":0.17},{"period":"2003","value":0.16},{"period":"2004","value":0.17},{"period":"2005","value":0.19},{"period":"2006","value":0.18},{"period":"2007","value":0.19},{"period":"2008","value":0.18},{"period":"2009","value":0.18},{"period":"2010","value":0.18},{"period":"2011","value":0.21},{"period":"2012","value":0.29},{"period":"2013","value":0.33},{"period":"2014","value":0.37},{"period":"2015","value":0.39},{"period":"2016","value":0.51},{"period":"2017","value":0.54},{"period":"2018","value":0.64},{"period":"2019","value":0.66},{"period":"2020","value":0.69},{"period":"2021","value":0.72},{"period":"2022","value":0.79},{"period":"2023","value":0.85}],"table":{"columns":[{"key":"year","label":"Year"},{"key":"value","label":"% of GDP"},{"key":"yoyChange","label":"YoY Change"}],"rows":[{"year":"2023","value":"0.8","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2022","value":"0.8","yoyChange":"+0.1pp"},{"year":"2021","value":"0.7","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2020","value":"0.7","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2019","value":"0.7","yoyChange":"+0.1pp"},{"year":"2018","value":"0.6","yoyChange":"+0.1pp"},{"year":"2017","value":"0.5","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2016","value":"0.5","yoyChange":"+0.1pp"},{"year":"2015","value":"0.4","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2014","value":"0.4","yoyChange":"+0.1pp"},{"year":"2013","value":"0.3","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2012","value":"0.3","yoyChange":"+0.1pp"},{"year":"2011","value":"0.2","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2010","value":"0.2","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2009","value":"0.2","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2008","value":"0.2","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2007","value":"0.2","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2006","value":"0.2","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2005","value":"0.2","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2004","value":"0.2","yoyChange":"unchanged"}]},"qa":[{"question":"What does this indicator measure?","answer":"This page tracks R&D expenditure funded by the business enterprise sector as a share of GDP in Poland from 2000 to present. Business-funded R&D reflects private sector innovation investment and the depth of industry-driven research. It is published by Eurostat and updated annually."},{"question":"How current is this data?","answer":"The most recent observation covers 2023. Eurostat typically publishes this series with a lag of several months after the reference period. The series runs 2000–2023 (24 observations)."},{"question":"What is the long-term trend?","answer":"The series peaked at 0.9 % of GDP in 2023 and reached its lowest recorded value of 0.2 in 2003. The latest reading of 0.9 in 2023 is unchanged on the previous period."}]}