{"version":1,"asset_type":"statistical_series","data_type":"time_series","slug":"mk-rd-expenditure-gdp","url":"https://apiardata.com/statistics/mk-rd-expenditure-gdp","html_url":"https://apiardata.com/statistics/mk-rd-expenditure-gdp/","title":"North Macedonia R&D Expenditure (% of GDP) (2023)","description":"North Macedonia's R&D Expenditure (% of GDP): 0.4 % of GDP in 2023, unchanged YoY. Eurostat (RD_E_GERDTOT), 2015–2023.","domain":"macro","category":"Economy & Macro","keywords":["Macroeconomics","Eurostat","North Macedonia","2023"],"publisher":"Eurostat","frequency":"Annual","geography":"North Macedonia","temporal_coverage":"2015/2023","unit":"% of GDP","last_updated":"2026-07-27","last_updated_text":"27 July 2026","data_as_of":"2023","variable_measured":"North Macedonia R&D Expenditure (% of GDP)","license":"https://apiardata.com/data-license","is_accessible_for_free":true,"sources":[{"name":"Eurostat","url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/RD_E_GERDTOT/default/table"}],"meta":[{"label":"Frequency","value":"Annual"},{"label":"Coverage","value":"2015–2023"},{"label":"Observations","value":"8"},{"label":"Geography","value":"North Macedonia"},{"label":"Last updated","value":"27 July 2026"}],"kpis":[{"label":"North Macedonia (2023)","value":"0.4","unit":"% of GDP","trend":{"direction":"neutral","value":"unchanged YoY"}},{"label":"YoY Change","value":"unchanged","unit":"percentage points"},{"label":"Trend","value":"neutral","unit":""},{"label":"Series length","value":"8","unit":"years of data"}],"series":[{"key":"value","label":"North Macedonia R&D Expenditure (% of GDP)"}],"observation_count":8,"observations":[{"period":"2015","value":0.44},{"period":"2016","value":0.44},{"period":"2017","value":0.35},{"period":"2018","value":0.36},{"period":"2019","value":0.37},{"period":"2020","value":0.37},{"period":"2022","value":0.37},{"period":"2023","value":0.37}],"table":{"columns":[{"key":"year","label":"Year"},{"key":"value","label":"% of GDP"},{"key":"yoyChange","label":"Change"}],"rows":[{"year":"2023","value":"0.4","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2022","value":"0.4","yoyChange":"n/a"},{"year":"2020","value":"0.4","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2019","value":"0.4","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2018","value":"0.4","yoyChange":"+0.1pp"},{"year":"2017","value":"0.3","yoyChange":"-0.1pp"},{"year":"2016","value":"0.4","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2015","value":"0.4","yoyChange":"n/a"}]},"qa":[{"question":"What does this indicator measure?","answer":"This page tracks total R&D expenditure (GERD, % of GDP) in North Macedonia from 2000 to present. Show progress toward the EU 3% of GDP target. It is published by Eurostat and updated annually."},{"question":"How current is this data?","answer":"The most recent observation covers 2023. Eurostat typically publishes this series with a lag of several months after the reference period. The series runs 2015–2023 (8 observations)."},{"question":"What is the long-term trend?","answer":"The series peaked at 0.4 % of GDP in 2015 and reached its lowest recorded value of 0.4 in 2017. The latest reading of 0.4 in 2023 is unchanged on the previous period."}]}