{"version":1,"asset_type":"statistical_series","data_type":"time_series","slug":"me-rd-expenditure-business-funded","url":"https://apiardata.com/statistics/me-rd-expenditure-business-funded","html_url":"https://apiardata.com/statistics/me-rd-expenditure-business-funded/","title":"Montenegro Business-Funded R&D Expenditure (2019)","description":"Montenegro's Business-Funded R&D Expenditure: 0 % of GDP in 2019, -0.2pp YoY. Eurostat (RD_E_GERDFUND), 2011–2019.","domain":"papers","category":"AI & Research","keywords":["AI & Research","Eurostat","Montenegro","2019"],"publisher":"Eurostat","frequency":"Annual","geography":"Montenegro","temporal_coverage":"2011/2019","unit":"% of GDP","last_updated":"2026-07-26","last_updated_text":"26 July 2026","data_as_of":"2019","variable_measured":"Montenegro Business-Funded R&D Expenditure","license":"https://apiardata.com/data-license","is_accessible_for_free":true,"sources":[{"name":"Eurostat","url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/RD_E_GERDFUND/default/table"}],"meta":[{"label":"Frequency","value":"Annual"},{"label":"Coverage","value":"2011–2019"},{"label":"Observations","value":"7"},{"label":"Geography","value":"Montenegro"},{"label":"Last updated","value":"26 July 2026"}],"kpis":[{"label":"Montenegro (2019)","value":"0","unit":"% of GDP","trend":{"direction":"down","value":"-0.2pp YoY"}},{"label":"YoY Change","value":"-0.2pp","unit":"percentage points"},{"label":"Trend","value":"down","unit":""},{"label":"Series length","value":"7","unit":"years of data"}],"series":[{"key":"value","label":"Montenegro Business-Funded R&D Expenditure"}],"observation_count":7,"observations":[{"period":"2011","value":0.11},{"period":"2013","value":0.16},{"period":"2014","value":0.1},{"period":"2015","value":0.11},{"period":"2017","value":0.07},{"period":"2018","value":0.19},{"period":"2019","value":0.04}],"table":{"columns":[{"key":"year","label":"Year"},{"key":"value","label":"% of GDP"},{"key":"yoyChange","label":"Change"}],"rows":[{"year":"2019","value":"0.0","yoyChange":"-0.2pp"},{"year":"2018","value":"0.2","yoyChange":"+0.1pp"},{"year":"2017","value":"0.1","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2015","value":"0.1","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2014","value":"0.1","yoyChange":"-0.1pp"},{"year":"2013","value":"0.2","yoyChange":"+0.1pp"},{"year":"2011","value":"0.1","yoyChange":"n/a"}]},"qa":[{"question":"What does this indicator measure?","answer":"This page tracks R&D expenditure funded by the business enterprise sector as a share of GDP in Montenegro from 2000 to present. Business-funded R&D reflects private sector innovation investment and the depth of industry-driven research. It is published by Eurostat and updated annually."},{"question":"How current is this data?","answer":"The most recent observation covers 2019. Eurostat typically publishes this series with a lag of several months after the reference period. The series runs 2011–2019 (7 observations)."},{"question":"What is the long-term trend?","answer":"The series peaked at 0.2 % of GDP in 2018 and reached its lowest recorded value of 0 in 2019. The latest reading of 0 in 2019 represents a change of -0.2pp."}]}