{"version":1,"asset_type":"statistical_series","data_type":"time_series","slug":"in-rd-expenditure-gdp","url":"https://apiardata.com/statistics/in-rd-expenditure-gdp","html_url":"https://apiardata.com/statistics/in-rd-expenditure-gdp/","title":"India Research & Development Expenditure (% of GDP) (2020)","description":"India's Research & Development Expenditure (% of GDP): 0.6 % of GDP in 2020, -0.1pp YoY. World Bank (GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS), 1996–2020.","domain":"macro","category":"Economy & Macro","keywords":["Economy & Macro","World Bank","India","2020"],"publisher":"World Bank","frequency":"Annual","geography":"India","temporal_coverage":"1996/2020","unit":"% of GDP","last_updated":"2026-07-26","last_updated_text":"26 July 2026","data_as_of":"2020","variable_measured":"India Research & Development Expenditure (% of GDP)","license":"https://apiardata.com/data-license","is_accessible_for_free":true,"sources":[{"name":"World Bank","url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?locations=IN"}],"meta":[{"label":"Frequency","value":"Annual"},{"label":"Coverage","value":"1996–2020"},{"label":"Observations","value":"25"},{"label":"Geography","value":"India"},{"label":"Last updated","value":"26 July 2026"}],"kpis":[{"label":"India (2020)","value":"0.6","unit":"% of GDP","trend":{"direction":"down","value":"-0.1pp YoY"}},{"label":"YoY Change","value":"-0.1pp","unit":"percentage points"},{"label":"Trend","value":"down","unit":""},{"label":"Series length","value":"25","unit":"years of data"}],"series":[{"key":"value","label":"India Research & Development Expenditure (% of GDP)"}],"observation_count":25,"observations":[{"period":"1996","value":0.63905},{"period":"1997","value":0.68669},{"period":"1998","value":0.70378},{"period":"1999","value":0.72413},{"period":"2000","value":0.75699},{"period":"2001","value":0.73591},{"period":"2002","value":0.72567},{"period":"2003","value":0.71929},{"period":"2004","value":0.7569},{"period":"2005","value":0.82411},{"period":"2006","value":0.80473},{"period":"2007","value":0.80507},{"period":"2008","value":0.85876},{"period":"2009","value":0.83314},{"period":"2010","value":0.78849},{"period":"2011","value":0.75502},{"period":"2012","value":0.74399},{"period":"2013","value":0.70642},{"period":"2014","value":0.70158},{"period":"2015","value":0.6931},{"period":"2016","value":0.66984},{"period":"2017","value":0.66603},{"period":"2018","value":0.66001},{"period":"2019","value":0.65942},{"period":"2020","value":0.64558}],"table":{"columns":[{"key":"year","label":"Year"},{"key":"value","label":"% of GDP"},{"key":"yoyChange","label":"YoY Change"}],"rows":[{"year":"2020","value":"0.6","yoyChange":"-0.1pp"},{"year":"2019","value":"0.7","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2018","value":"0.7","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2017","value":"0.7","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2016","value":"0.7","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2015","value":"0.7","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2014","value":"0.7","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2013","value":"0.7","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2012","value":"0.7","yoyChange":"-0.1pp"},{"year":"2011","value":"0.8","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2010","value":"0.8","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2009","value":"0.8","yoyChange":"-0.1pp"},{"year":"2008","value":"0.9","yoyChange":"+0.1pp"},{"year":"2007","value":"0.8","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2006","value":"0.8","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2005","value":"0.8","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2004","value":"0.8","yoyChange":"+0.1pp"},{"year":"2003","value":"0.7","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2002","value":"0.7","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2001","value":"0.7","yoyChange":"unchanged"}]},"qa":[{"question":"What does this indicator measure?","answer":"This page tracks total R&D expenditure (public + private) as a share of GDP in India from 1996 to present. R&D intensity is a leading indicator of innovation capability and future economic productivity. It is published by World Bank and updated annually."},{"question":"How current is this data?","answer":"The most recent observation covers 2020. World Bank typically publishes this series with a lag of several months after the reference period. The series runs 1996–2020 (25 observations)."},{"question":"What is the long-term trend?","answer":"The series peaked at 0.9 % of GDP in 2008 and reached its lowest recorded value of 0.6 in 1996. The latest reading of 0.6 in 2020 represents a change of -0.1pp."}]}