{"version":1,"asset_type":"statistical_series","data_type":"time_series","slug":"id-education-expenditure-gdp","url":"https://apiardata.com/statistics/id-education-expenditure-gdp","html_url":"https://apiardata.com/statistics/id-education-expenditure-gdp/","title":"Indonesia Government Expenditure on Education (% of GDP) (2023)","description":"Indonesia's Government Expenditure on Education (% of GDP): 1.3 % of GDP in 2023, +0.4pp YoY. World Bank (SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS), 1972–2023.","domain":"macro","category":"Economy & Macro","keywords":["Economy & Macro","World Bank","Indonesia","2023"],"publisher":"World Bank","frequency":"Annual","geography":"Indonesia","temporal_coverage":"1972/2023","unit":"% of GDP","last_updated":"2026-07-26","last_updated_text":"26 July 2026","data_as_of":"2023","variable_measured":"Indonesia Government Expenditure on Education (% of GDP)","license":"https://apiardata.com/data-license","is_accessible_for_free":true,"sources":[{"name":"World Bank","url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS?locations=ID"}],"meta":[{"label":"Frequency","value":"Annual"},{"label":"Coverage","value":"1972–2023"},{"label":"Observations","value":"28"},{"label":"Geography","value":"Indonesia"},{"label":"Last updated","value":"26 July 2026"}],"kpis":[{"label":"Indonesia (2023)","value":"1.3","unit":"% of GDP","trend":{"direction":"up","value":"+0.4pp YoY"}},{"label":"YoY Change","value":"+0.4pp","unit":"percentage points"},{"label":"Trend","value":"up","unit":""},{"label":"Series length","value":"28","unit":"years of data"}],"series":[{"key":"value","label":"Indonesia Government Expenditure on Education (% of GDP)"}],"observation_count":28,"observations":[{"period":"1972","value":2.78820991516113},{"period":"1989","value":0.871410012245178},{"period":"1994","value":0.998549997806549},{"period":"1995","value":1.00434994697571},{"period":"1996","value":1.07854998111725},{"period":"1997","value":1.07208001613617},{"period":"2001","value":2.46003007888794},{"period":"2002","value":2.64568996429443},{"period":"2003","value":3.21799993515015},{"period":"2004","value":2.74846005439758},{"period":"2005","value":2.87281990051269},{"period":"2007","value":3.04426002502441},{"period":"2008","value":2.90190005302429},{"period":"2009","value":3.52513003349304},{"period":"2010","value":2.81227993965149},{"period":"2011","value":3.18944001197815},{"period":"2012","value":3.40748000144958},{"period":"2013","value":3.35904002189636},{"period":"2014","value":3.28800988197327},{"period":"2015","value":3.58361005783081},{"period":"2016","value":1.21023452496964},{"period":"2017","value":1.05324382490056},{"period":"2018","value":0.994436460846179},{"period":"2019","value":0.964399077622927},{"period":"2020","value":1.01593221347809},{"period":"2021","value":1.03221750658374},{"period":"2022","value":0.863943349575907},{"period":"2023","value":1.27517088245674}],"table":{"columns":[{"key":"year","label":"Year"},{"key":"value","label":"% of GDP"},{"key":"yoyChange","label":"Change"}],"rows":[{"year":"2023","value":"1.3","yoyChange":"+0.4pp"},{"year":"2022","value":"0.9","yoyChange":"-0.1pp"},{"year":"2021","value":"1.0","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2020","value":"1.0","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2019","value":"1.0","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2018","value":"1.0","yoyChange":"-0.1pp"},{"year":"2017","value":"1.1","yoyChange":"-0.1pp"},{"year":"2016","value":"1.2","yoyChange":"-2.4pp"},{"year":"2015","value":"3.6","yoyChange":"+0.3pp"},{"year":"2014","value":"3.3","yoyChange":"-0.1pp"},{"year":"2013","value":"3.4","yoyChange":"unchanged"},{"year":"2012","value":"3.4","yoyChange":"+0.2pp"},{"year":"2011","value":"3.2","yoyChange":"+0.4pp"},{"year":"2010","value":"2.8","yoyChange":"-0.7pp"},{"year":"2009","value":"3.5","yoyChange":"+0.6pp"},{"year":"2008","value":"2.9","yoyChange":"-0.1pp"},{"year":"2007","value":"3.0","yoyChange":"+0.1pp"},{"year":"2005","value":"2.9","yoyChange":"+0.2pp"},{"year":"2004","value":"2.7","yoyChange":"-0.5pp"},{"year":"2003","value":"3.2","yoyChange":"+0.6pp"}]},"qa":[{"question":"What does this indicator measure?","answer":"This page tracks government expenditure on education as a share of GDP in Indonesia from 1990 to present. Education spending shapes future human capital quality, productivity growth, and workforce skill depth. It is published by World Bank and updated annually."},{"question":"How current is this data?","answer":"The most recent observation covers 2023. World Bank typically publishes this series with a lag of several months after the reference period. The series runs 1972–2023 (28 observations)."},{"question":"What is the long-term trend?","answer":"The series peaked at 3.6 % of GDP in 2015 and reached its lowest recorded value of 0.9 in 2022. The latest reading of 1.3 in 2023 represents a change of +0.4pp."}]}